Types of metal fire doors

Fire-resistant structures play an important role in extinguishing fires and evacuation of residents of high-rise buildings, office workers, employees of enterprises, etc., because they prevent the spread of flame and carbon monoxide. The fire door will not only protect from fire, but also from burglary, while it can perfectly fit into the interior of the room. There are several types of metal fire doors, but all models are designed to ensure the safety of people who find themselves inside a burning room.

Metal fire door is the most common type of fire resistant construction. It can be made of aluminum or stainless steel. The second option, though heavy in its weight, but is more durable and reliable.

Its popularity is due to a number of advantages:

• Resistance to hacking.
• Universality of models: can be used as technical or ordinary input attributes.
• Metal doors are inexpensive compared to wooden or glazed.
• Fire-fighting products are not much different from simple metal ones, which means that manufacturers should only slightly change or supplement the design, having received a new model.
• Final finishing - painting with imitation wood, stainless steel and other materials. Such doors will fit into any interior of the room.

These models perform two main functions:

1. Maximum covers the room where the fire occurred. As a result, there is some time for the evacuation of people in the building.
2. Does not allow penetration into the next rooms or a corridor of a flame and a smoke, reducing thereby the speed of their distribution.

Among the basic conditions for the successful evacuation of residents or employees of the facility where the fire occurred, is opening the door in the direction of movement of people. It is a mistake to assume that the direction of the door is determined by the side that opens.

According to design features, they distinguish the following types of fire-fighting products:

• Single or single leaf.
• Double or bivalve. Folds of this design can be the same size or different.

Sash also come in different types: active and passive. The first option involves the location of the handle itself, with which the door opens and closes. The second type does not provide for this.

Another type of flame-retardant attributes - intrusive design. They are installed in places where there is a risk of explosion and stored flammable materials. This type of door has a standard set: painting, equipment with a profile box with or without a threshold, thermally expanding sealing tape (protects against smoke).

For fire resistant doors, as well as for their mounting, there are certain requirements. So, in the fire barriers are necessary openings with established dimensions: a height of at least 1.8 meters and width0.8-1.2 meters.

All models differ in the material from which they are made:

• Metallic. Products are in demand because, besides the fire protection function, they perform heat-insulating - this allows mineral wool inside. Manufacturing metal attribute can be performed with a folding threshold, be equipped with a door closer. Models are also available single-leaf and double-wing with or without glazing - everything will depend on the needs of the buyer.
• Wood. They are restricted models, so they can be placed at the entrance to a dwelling. Inside this design is a special seal - at high temperatures, it foams and seals the inside of the canvas. The product may be covered with steel sheets.

• Glazed designs of wood or metal. Glazing occurs up to or more than 25% of the total attribute area. For this purpose, fireproof glass is used, in the places of attachment of which fire-resistant insulating material is installed (thermo-active sealing tape, etc.).
• Glass. Attribute cloth is made of fire-resistant glass, which covers over 25% of the whole structure.Such a model has a gel-like non-flammable filler, and its frame and box are created more often from aluminum.

Popular metal fire-fighting products, which can be made of aluminum or steel.

Fire-fighting products have different fire resistance, that is, the time that is allotted for evacuation. This limit is determined during the test of the attribute for resistance to ignition in accordance with GOST.

There are 2 main fire resistance limits that are labeled:

• E - loss of the integrity of the product;
• І - loss of heat insulation.

The fire resistance is determined in minutes, which means that the doors will have the following designations: ЕІ - 15, 30, 60, 90, etc. During the inspection of the blade for resistance to fire, the value with the smallest indicator is taken. If the attribute has lost thermal insulation on the 30th minute, and its integrity on the 55th, then the manufacturers will mark the limit with the number 30.

Taking into account the fire resistance limit of the door, there are 3 types of fire resistance:

• PD of the first type has a limit of 60 minutes;
• PD of the second type - 30 minutes;
• PD of the third type - 15 minutes.

Such structures must have a certificate that confirms the compliance of the product with fire safety requirements.

Fire-resistant doors, unlike other models, play not so much an aesthetic role as practical, so they are placed in rooms where they put higher functionality and resistance to cracking. These structures are necessarily mounted at enterprises, various institutions, hospitals, repositories of valuable materials, finance, etc.

Entry fire products are also placed in such premises:

• Production facilities: plants, factories, workshops, laboratories, etc.
• Technical buildings: warehouses, switchboards, transformer and boiler rooms, gas stations, ventilation systems, etc.
• Objects with a large crowd of people: office / shopping centers, medical facilities, hotels, libraries, educational institutions, clubs, train stations, apartment buildings, etc.

Everyone wants to protect their homes, so they often think about choosing fire doors. They will protect not only an apartment from fire, but also an office, storage rooms, storage facilities, etc. But not everyone knows how to choose the right and reliable model. First of all, you should pay attention to the following criteria:

• Type of fire resistance. One of the main tasks of this design is to hold the flame longer and prevent it from spreading to other objects. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a product with marking ЕІ-60 and higher. Such models will be more reliable than others.
• Box. It may have a different design. Corner options can be mounted in any openings, while the trim is mounted only from the outside. The internal model allows you to do without the platbands. If there are any irregularities around the door that need to be hidden, then it is necessary to purchase a covering structure - it is installed both from the outside and from the inside.

• Versatility. First of all, the buyer pays attention to how long and reliably the fire protection design can hold the flame and combustion products.However, protection against hacking does not hurt, because some attributes are set on the warehouses and warehouses with valuable items inside.
• View of the product itself. There are two main types: deaf and glazed. The first option does not provide for any notches or glass inserts. In the second case, glass inserts (windows) are provided. But do not think that such products will not be able to hold back the fire, because not ordinary glass is used, but fire-resistant.

Installation of fire-resistant metal doors is significantly different from the installation of conventional models, so it should be carried out by specialists. The fact is that improper installation can lead to negative consequences. So, the attribute itself or its box may not close tightly, which means that the hinges will quickly wear out, and in the event of a fire, both the flame and the smoke will quickly enter the room.

If these products are intended for installation in rooms with a massive gathering of people, then in addition to the design itself, it is necessary to choose fire-resistant barriers. They are able to localize foci of smoke and does not allow the spread of flame during a fire.

There are two types of them:

• Dynamic (automated gates, curtains, curtains).
• Static (partitions, walls, ceilings, windows, curtains).

In addition to security indicators, you can choose the option that is more suited to the interior of the room.

Metal fire-resistant door can have a different appearance - it all depends on where it is installed.

Residential buildings often use models like this:

In the apartments, these attributes look beautiful:

In a private house, they may have the following option:

Fire-fighting models can be of different colors:

But this kind of have deaf and glazed products:

The presented examples show that there are a huge number of types of fireproof metal doors. They can be sold in a ready-made form or be made specifically for the order of the buyer.

You will learn more about the types of fireproof metal doors available in the following video.