Swing gates: types and designs

Household fencing is the “face” of the owners, an indicator of their status and taste, protection from dust, intruders and foreign animals. Gates give guests a first impression of the house, because they are always emphasized.

The design of the swing gates has been tested not just for years - for millennia, most people all over the planet prefer such gates absolutely deservedly.

Sash hinges - a simple and convenient mounting system that solves several problems at once and has a list of undoubted advantages:

• Ease of manufacture and installation, financial affordability allows you to install them yourself.
• Reliability and durability when using.
• Versatility - application in almost all types of premises and fences.
• Variety of design options, wide size range.
• Lack of obligatory concreting of the adjacent territory.

During its existence, swing gates have acquired a huge variety both in design features and in appearance and design.

There are a huge variety of swing gates today, this is explained by the rapid development of building technologies, the production of innovative materials with the necessary technical characteristics, a wide range of textures and an extensive color palette that can satisfy the most demanding taste.

They are divided by the number of valves and are single-leaf and double-leaf.

They can also be equipped with a wicket built into one of the leaves, it saves space in small rooms (garages, small territories).

If the passage must be made wide, then use a folding gate. Their folding in half or accordion sash does not block the area. You can make folded and only one of them.

According to the external design, there are one-sided doors decorated only on the front side and two-sided doors that have two decorated sides.

According to the materials of manufacture, the doors are metal, wood - heavy and solid, from metal profiles, polycarbonate, sandwich panels - lighter. There are transparent forged items or combinations of different materials.

Modern entrances differ in the method of control: mechanical, which need to be opened by hand, and automatic - with electric drive, they allow the driver to open and close the gate without leaving the car.

According to their purpose and application areas, there are industrial, entrance, and outdoor gates that limit the passage of cars to the yards of high-rise buildings and are usually controlled by automation. The location of the entry is also affected by fire regulations and safety requirements.

The following factors influence the choice of the material from which the door is made:

• Appointment, place of installation.
• Type of control - manual or automatic.
• General architectural design, harmonious combination with the rest of the fence or contrast.
• Wind loads, windage, other external factors.

Light doors made of corrugated or polycarbonate, as well as welded metal lattice, mesh, with a stretched steel mesh on a metal frame made of a professional pipe or of an evroshtaketnik most often used in structures controlled by automation, then the flaps open and close easily. Gates from a shtaketnik fasten quickly and elegantly look.

Wooden doors look more environmentally friendly and impressive., but less durable, since wood is subject to the influence of aggressive environment and is able to break down over time. Sun and moisture, falling on the wood, make it a favorable environment for the development of bacteria, fungi, insects, the process of decay begins. In order to give this material stability, it is impregnated with antiseptics and hydrophobic compounds, coated with varnishes for external works or paints. Bars are selected from stronger tree species, such as oak.

Metal profile and steel or aluminum sheets can be seen on all garages of the country, often they are put on the street gates of the fences of various territories, organizations and private houses.Forged gates or metal with lattice elements to facilitate the construction look very expressive and elegant. The cost of such gates is higher than usual without decor, but the result will impress guests and neighbors.

From modern options, you can select the gate with polycarbonate, plastic, film, which preserve the microclimate in the production premises.

Combinations of different materials are also possible. For the frame, you can use the profile, and sheath the doors with wood, PVC, wood-polymer composite. Metal sheets look beautiful with wrought iron elements and decorative slats at the top.

The support pillars of the gate are made of metal pipe, which strengthens the pillar, ensures the stability of the structure and takes the main load. Around the pipe may be brick or concrete monolith.

Swing gates have a very simple design. For them, a foundation is not needed, as for a sliding roller gate, in which there are rollers, wheels and guides. Additional details are possible, for example, the gates to the shops are trying to make insulated, airtight, therefore they seal the rubber seal to the flaps. On brick pillars mounted additional lighting.

All types of swing gates contain the following structural elements:

• Support posts. For light gates and fences can be mounted on screw piles.
• The hinges to which the flaps are attached. On heavy gates, cylindrical hinges, reinforced by bearings, are used and are adjustable.

• Clamps. Limit the opening of the gate and connect them in the closed state in one line, the latches can be with a spring or with a shock absorber.

• Constipation, deadbolt, lock, fixes the sash in the locked state.

The gate opens outwards with a small area of ​​the internal territory, then the drive must be mounted hidden under the surface of the earth, and the axis of the valves must be longer to properly fix the drive levers.

If the doors open inwards, the levers can be attached directly to the canvas, and the mechanism can be fastened to the goal post.

To move the valves need free space with a flat surface. Also important is windage, wind load on the sash. At high rates of windage, lattice sash is recommended, through which the air passes, and windage thereby decreases.

To open a simple gate, you need to get out of the car, then open the doors one by one, enter the territory, exit again, close the doors. In the rain, wind and snow, getting out of the car and doing all this manually for a long time is unpleasant, so the gates are supplied with sets of drives and automation for them.

Drives to move the valves are linear and lever. By the principle of action they are divided into electromechanical and hydraulic. The level of placement - aboveground and underground.

The linear electromechanical system is by far the most popular.It is inexpensive, it is easy to install and opens the doors to the outside. It looks like an oblong case, from which comes a bar in the form of an arrow. The screw, rotated by an electric motor of low power, moves the nut along the guide, converting the angular momentum of motion into a linear one and moving the door leaf. For smooth running, the linear actuator is equipped with a control unit. Installation of such a system is done at the bottom of the gate.

The lever drive also operates from the electric motor through a gearbox. Vertical shaft to which the crank-connecting rod lever is attached, opening the leaf. Special switches and sensors, closers, provide a smooth ride. Such a drive makes it possible to open inwards even with wide pillars.

The hydraulic drive is more expensive than the others, it is used in heavy, often used gates, equipped with a set of automation.A reversible electric pump feeds oil to the cylinders that move the gate.

Advantages of remote control opening / closing:

• Range - up to 30 meters, can be controlled from home.
• Opening within 10-15 seconds after pressing the button.
• Simple, reliable and durable system.
• Quick stop of the drive in case of failure or accident.
• Work from standard single-phase electrical wiring.

Sold ready-made control kits, which include:

• Receiving antenna
• Signal lamp.
• Control unit with electronic board and relay.
• Electromagnetic lock.
• Photo cells, object position sensors, induction circuits.

Proper placement and dimensions, competent calculation and marking, dimensions and weight of the whole structure will ensure safe and reliable operation and long service life of the gate.

When designing a fence and choosing the type of drive and automation, the dimensions of the pillars and the width of the entrance, the distance from the pillar to the web, the thickness of the sash are very important. All these numbers must be clearly indicated on the drawing.It is necessary to mark the position of all parts, locks, mechanisms.

The minimum width of the gate, sufficient for the passage of any type of transport, is 280 cm. When calculating, you should take into account the angle of arrival of the transport. If the truck cannot enter the territory at a right angle, the width of the passage should be increased 1.2-1.5 times. You should also add double the thickness of the valves. The maximum width can be up to 6 meters, it requires structural reinforcement, powerful automation and drive.

The height from the ground to the lower edge of the leaves, so that they do not get stuck when moving, must be at least 8-10 cm. The height of the gate, equal to 2 m, is sufficient for the passage of ordinary passenger cars. For industrial and workshop gates, the height must allow the passage of all necessary types of transport.

The cross section of the reinforcement pipe for support columns is 80-100 m. The profiles for the framework are needed with a diameter of 2.5 to 4.5 cm. For diagonal or transverse reinforcement of rigidity, you will need a profile with a section of 2-4 cm.

For the uninterrupted operation of the swing system, it is necessary to carry out a number of measures to prevent people, children, animals, and cars within the radius of plowing to avoid injuries and unexpected departure of the vehicle. To do this, attach special warning signs and signs, reflective elements and signal lighting. Sound alarms are also used, flashing side lights.

Mandatory installation of systems for detecting various foreign objects in the path of movement of the paintings. Such systems are photocells and sensors for the position and movement of the valves, as well as the position and movement of the vehicle or the presence of foreign objects. In this case, the control device is activated, the drive is locked and automatically stopped. The photocells are fixed at a distance of at least 1 meter from the fence on special posts and on the main pillars of the gate. An inductive circuit is laid under the surface of the earth at a depth of 3 to 10 cm in three or four layers.

The construction of the gate is quite possible to carry out independently using the necessary tools and compliance with the technology and the drying time of concrete.

For independent work you will need:

• Concrete mixer, shovel;
• Level, Roulette, Marker, Square;

• Bulgarian, diamond discs;

• Welding machine;
• Screwdriver, screws.

When using swing systems, all the main load falls on the carrier pillars. In order to give the structure rigidity and reliability, the supports are reinforced with a steel pipe and driven into the ground to a depth of soil freezing approximately 1-1.5 m. After marking the location of the supports, in these points they dig a hole with a depth of 1.5 m and a diameter twice as large as the cross section of the pipe. Next to the bottom of the pit pour sand and gravel, creating the so-called pillow.Its height is 20 cm.

Horizontal support fixings for the frame are welded to the support at the top, in the middle and at the bottom of the post.

Then you need to make a frame for the valves and strengthen them. To do this, you need a rectangular shaped tube, treated with a rust compound. According to the drawing, you need to cut the pipe into pieces with edges of 45 degrees, clean the joints. The details of the frame spread out exactly according to the drawing and check the angles and dimensions of the diagonal. To weld all knots by continuous tight connection.

Hanging the frame begins with marking the position of the loops. The frame must be attached vertically to the bearing column and mark the point of fastening of the loop at a distance of 25 cm from the edges of the leaf.The lower part of the loop must be welded to the base, and the upper to the frame. Now you can hang the frame.

The covering of a cloth can be executed and before hanging, it is possible and after. For example, a professional sheet is attached with screws with rubber gaskets or rivets. Facing boards fasten to the frame with self-tapping screws. Then you need to install latches, bolts, locks, adjust the gate.

The next stage is the installation of automation. You can also make it yourself by purchasing a ready-made kit, and it is possible to make it from spare parts and components from household appliances, cars, and other materials. First you need to calculate the distance between the plane of the canvas and the outer edge of the pillar. If it exceeds 150 mm, then use a lever mechanism, if not - then linear.

For fixing mechanisms, brackets, holders of drives are welded first. Then push the levers to the maximum and fasten to the pillars and to the frame.After connecting the electrical wires, the working systems are tested in prominent places according to the diagram, and the warning lamps and other protective devices are installed.

Useful tips on installing swing gates do it yourself in the next video.

Decor elements and options for combining materials give a decent look to the gate and the entire fence in private houses and cottages.

Beautiful, impressive and at the same time easy gate, the canvas of which is sheathed with a professional sheet with corrugation. Hue matched perfectly. The shape of the doors is combined with the architecture of the house deep in the courtyard. Powerful automation will allow guests to drive to the site without leaving the car.

In this example, we see the country gate, made in a fabulous style, very reliable, eco-friendly. Thanks to wrought iron elements and light wooden slats, they fit perfectly into the surrounding landscape.

The nobility of style and impeccable execution, modest simplicity and elegance of forging - all this is reflected here. The laces of these forged gates and fences are admirable and envy, and also demonstrate the wonderful taste of the master and the owners.The fence is transparent, from afar showing guests a single ensemble with the house and the surrounding nature.